常用金属和非金属材料的耐腐蚀性能如下表所示。
介质 |
质量分数(%) |
材料 |
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
无机酸 |
硫酸(不充气) |
﹤5 |
4 |
4 |
2a,4c |
2a,4bcd |
2 |
1 |
1a,2bcd |
2 |
2a |
10~30 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
3abc,4d |
1 |
1a,2bcd |
2 |
4 |
40~50 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2ab,3c,4d |
1a,2bcd |
1a,2bcd |
2 |
4 |
60~70 |
3ab,4cd |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2ab,3c,4d |
1a,2bcd |
1a,2bc,3d |
3a |
4 |
90 |
2a,3b,4cd |
4 |
2a4d |
2a, 4cd |
2ab,3c,4d |
1 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
100 |
2a,3b,4cd |
3a |
2a,3b,4d |
2abc,3d |
2ab,3c,2d |
1 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
发烟硫酸 |
|
4 |
3a |
4 |
4 |
2 |
1b,4d |
4 |
4 |
4 |
硝酸 |
﹤20 |
4 |
2abc,4d |
1 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
30~60 |
4 |
1a,2bc,3d |
1ab,2cd |
1a,2bcd |
1ab,2cd |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
70 |
4 |
1a,2bc,3d |
1a,2bc,3d |
1a,2bc |
1a,2bcd |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
80 |
4 |
2a,3b,4cd |
1a,2bc,3d |
1a,2b,4c |
1a,2b,3cd |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1ab,2c |
90 |
4 |
2a,3b,4cd |
1a,3bc,4d |
1a,4b |
1a,2b,3cd |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1ab,2c |
100 |
4 |
3a,4bcd |
1a,4b |
1a,4b |
1a,4d |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1ab,2c |
红发烟硝酸 |
|
3a |
2a |
1a,2b,4c |
1ab,4cd |
1ab,4c |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1a |
白发烟销酸 |
|
4 |
4 |
1a,4b |
2a,4b |
2a |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
盐酸(不充气) |
﹤10 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1ab,2cd |
2a,4b |
2ab,3c,4d |
2a |
20 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1a,2bcd |
4 |
2ab,3c,4d |
2a,4b |
30 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1a,2bcd |
4 |
3a,4b |
2a,4b |
40 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
1a,4cd |
4 |
4 |
4 |
磷酸(不充气) |
25 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
25~50 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
50~85 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
90 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
2abc,4d |
4 |
100 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1ab |
4 |
4 |
4 |
氢氟酸(不充气) |
﹤10 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
4 |
10~70 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
1a,2abc |
2a |
4 |
70~90 |
2a,4bcd |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
3ab |
4 |
4 |
100 |
2ab,3c,4d |
4 |
2a,4b |
2a |
2a |
2 |
4 |
2abc |
4 |
亚硝酸 |
5 |
4 |
4 |
2a |
2abc |
2c |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
10 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2abc |
2c |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
100 |
4 |
4 |
2a |
2a |
2a |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
碳酸 |
10 |
2a |
1a |
1 |
2a |
1 |
1a |
1 |
2a |
1 |
30 |
2a |
1a |
1 |
1d |
1 |
1a |
1 |
2a |
1 |
100 |
2a |
1a |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1a |
2a,1bcd |
2a |
1 |
氯酸 |
﹤100 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2a* |
4 |
4 |
4 |
100 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2abc |
2a* |
4 |
4 |
4 |
铬酸 |
﹤10 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2ab,4d |
2* |
2ab,4c |
4 |
1 |
10~30 |
4 |
4 |
2a,4bcd |
4 |
2ab,4d |
2* |
4 |
4 |
1 |
30~50 |
2a |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2ab |
2a* |
4 |
4 |
1 |
50~80 |
2a |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2a* |
4 |
4 |
1 |
100 |
1a |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2ab |
2a* |
4 |
4 |
1 |
介质 |
质量分数% |
??????????????????????? ??材料 |
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
硼酸 |
<10 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
20~50 |
4 |
2abc,3d |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
3bc,2d |
2 |
1② |
70~80 |
4 |
3d |
4 |
2a,4d |
— |
1 |
4 |
2 |
— |
100 |
4 |
2 |
2ab |
2ab |
2ab |
1 |
2 |
2a |
— |
绿磺酸 |
10 |
4 |
4 |
3a |
4 |
4 |
2a |
4 |
4 |
1 |
90 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2a |
2a |
1a |
4 |
4 |
1 |
100 |
2ab,3cd |
4 |
2a |
2ab |
2ab |
1 |
3a |
3 |
1 |
甲酸 |
|
4 |
2ab,4c |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
3ab,4cd |
2 |
1abc |
|
4 |
3a,4bcd |
4 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
3ab,4cd |
2 |
4 |
醋酸(不充气) |
<20 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1a,2bcd |
1 |
20~50 |
4 |
4 |
3 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1a,2bcd |
1 |
60~90 |
4 |
4 |
2abc,4d |
1a,2bc,3d |
1a,2bcd |
1 |
1 |
1a |
1 |
100 |
4 |
4 |
2abc,4d |
1a,2bc,3d |
1a,2bcd |
1 |
1 |
1a,2b,4d |
1 |
丁酸 |
10 |
3a |
3 |
1ab,2cd |
1 |
1 |
1 |
3a,2bcd |
2 |
1 |
20~90 |
4 |
3a,4b |
2abc,3d |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
100 |
4 |
4 |
2abc,4d |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2abc,3d |
2 |
1 |
软脂酸 |
|
1 |
1a,2bcd |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2a |
2 |
1 |
硬脂酸 |
|
4 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2a,3bcd |
3 |
1 |
油酸 |
<100 |
3 |
2a |
4 |
2a |
1a,2bcd |
2 |
2 |
— |
1 |
100 |
3 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
一氯醋酸 |
10 |
4 |
4 |
2a |
2a |
2a |
2 |
2 |
4 |
2 |
20~70 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2a |
2 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
80~100 |
4 |
4 |
2ab,4d |
2ab |
2a |
1 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
碱及氢氧化物
介质 |
质量分数(%) |
材料 |
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
氢氧化钠 |
<20 |
1a,2bcd |
2 |
1a,3bc,4d |
1 |
1 |
1 |
11 a,2bcd |
2 |
|
30~50 |
1a,2b,3cd |
2a,3cd |
1a,3bc,4d |
1ab,2c,4d |
1ab,2cd |
1 |
1 |
2abc,4d |
— |
70 |
2ab,4cd |
4d |
2 a bc,4d |
1ab,2cd |
2 a bc,4d |
1 |
1d |
4b |
— |
80 |
2a,4bcd |
4d |
2 a bc,4d |
1ab,2c,4d |
2 a bc,4d |
— |
— |
4c |
— |
100 |
2a ,4c |
4 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1a |
1a |
4 |
— |
氢氧化钾 |
10 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
10~50 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2abc,3d |
2a |
50 |
2a,3bc,4d |
2abc,4d |
2abc,4d |
2abc,4d |
2 |
2 |
1 |
4a |
2a |
60~70 |
2a,4bcd |
4d |
2abc,3d |
2abc,3d |
2 |
— |
— |
4a |
2a |
80 |
2a,4bcd |
— |
2a,4d |
2a |
2 |
2ab |
1 |
2a,3bcd |
2a |
100 |
2a |
1a |
1a |
1a |
2a |
2ab |
— |
— |
2a |
氢氧化铵 |
<30 |
1ab,2cd |
1ab,2cd |
1 |
1a,2bcd |
1a,2bcd |
1 |
4 |
4 |
1 |
30~90 |
— |
— |
1 |
1a,2bcd |
1a |
1 |
— |
4 |
— |
100 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
1abc |
氢氧化钙 |
<10 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
30 |
— |
— |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
— |
2ab |
1 |
50 |
— |
— |
3d |
1 |
2 |
1 |
— |
— |
1 |
100 |
2a |
— |
— |
— |
— |
— |
2a |
— |
1 |
氢氧化镁 |
<10 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2a |
1 |
1 |
1a② |
10~90 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
100 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
— |
氢氧化钡 |
<50 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
100 |
2a |
2a |
2a |
2a |
2a |
2 |
2a |
4 |
1 |
氢氧化铝 |
<10 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
20~40 |
2a |
2 |
— |
1 |
2 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
20~40 |
— |
2 |
— |
1 |
2 |
— |
— |
— |
— |
氢氧化铁 |
|
2a |
1a |
1a |
1a |
2a |
2a |
— |
— |
— |
氢氧化铬 |
|
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
— |
盐
硫酸铵 |
<50 |
4 |
4 |
3a |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
3a |
1 |
100 |
4 |
2a |
4 |
— |
— |
— |
2a |
2a,4b |
— |
销酸铵 |
<50 |
1a,2bcd |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
4 |
4 |
3 a |
50~100 |
— |
2 |
— |
— |
1 |
— |
4 |
4 |
— |
磷酸铵 |
<10 |
3a |
4 |
1ab,2cd |
1a,2bcd |
2 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
10~30 |
4 |
4 |
1ab,2cd |
1a,2bcd |
2 |
— |
1 |
4 |
— |
碳酸铵 |
<60 |
2ab,3cd |
2 |
1a,2bcd |
1a,2bcd |
2 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
60~90 |
2ab,3cd |
2 |
— |
— |
2 |
2d |
— |
— |
— |
100 |
1a |
2 |
— |
— |
2 |
2 |
2a |
2 a |
— |
氯化铵 |
<20 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2 |
4ab,2c |
1 |
20~40 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1 |
2d |
4 |
1 |
50 |
4 |
4 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
1a,4cd |
— |
4 |
— |
介质 |
质量分数(%) |
材料 |
A |
B |
C |
D |
E |
F |
G |
H |
I |
氯化铵 |
100 |
2a |
— |
4 |
— |
2 |
2 |
2 |
4 |
— |
硫化铵 |
10 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
1a |
2 |
4 |
— |
10~90 |
— |
2 |
— |
2 |
2 |
— |
— |
4 |
— |
100 |
1a |
2 |
2 |
2 |
2 |
— |
— |
4 |
— |
醋酸铵 |
10 |
1ab |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
— |
20~50 |
1ab |
— |
— |
1abc |
1ab |
— |
— |
4 |
— |
100 |
1a |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
4 |
— |
硫酸钠 |
10 |
2 |
3a,4b |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
1 |
20~40 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 |
2 |
— |
40~90 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
— |
— |
— |
1ab② |
100 |
2 |
4 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2a |
2a |
— |
硝酸钠 |
<40 |
1ab,2c,3d |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2a |
1 |
2a |
1② |
40~70 |
1ab,2c,3d |
2 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
— |
1 |
— |
— |
70~90 |
1ab,2c,3d |
2 |
— |
— |
1 |
— |
1 |
— |
— |
100 |
1 |
2 |
2a ,4c |
2a |
2a |
— |
2a |
3a |
— |
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